NASA’s Curiosity Discovers a Field of Martian Polygons

37 MB) Description NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover captured this 360-degree view of an expanse of terrain covered in surface features called polygons on June 19 and 20, 2026, the 4,930th and 4,931st Martian days, or sols, of the mission. The rover has found polygons several times in the past, but never so many in one place. Across the center of this image, the surface is covered by shapes ranging in size from roughly 2 to 4 inches (5 to 10 centimeters) in diameter.

The features also surround and wrap around a sand-capped butte nicknamed “Miraflores,” seen at far right in the image. Figure A Figure A is a crop from the bottom-center of the panorama highlighting the polygons and their honeycomb-like textures. Polygonal textures can form from a variety of conditions, including drying out of the surface (like in mud cracks ), temperature cycles, compaction after being buried, or shrinkage of the sediment from loss of water or mineral changes.

Scientists are measuring characteristics of these polygons to home in on which process formed them. This panorama was captured by Curiosity’s Mast Camera, or Mastcam, as the rover continued its ascent of the foothills of Mount Sharp, a 3-mile-tall (5-kilometer-tall) mountain that it’s been climbing since 2014. The panorama is made up of 340 individual images that were sent to Earth and stitched together.

The color has been adjusted to match lighting conditions as the human eye would see them on Earth. Curiosity was built by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which is managed by Caltech in Pasadena, California. JPL leads the mission on behalf of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington as part of NASA’s Mars Exploration Program portfolio.

Malin Space Science Systems in San Diego built and operates Mastcam.